Actually, it is hard to define a precise concept of what is Web 3.0. Maybe we have already heard of Web 3.0 for a long time, but we have not finished Web 2.0, the Web 3.0 has arrived. We even do not have enough time to feel the Web 3.0 that change our life dramatically.
I think that Web 3.0 is built on the Web 2.0. Some of the ideas and technology in Web 2.0 is introduced to Web 3.0, and Web 3.0 is an extension of Web 2.0. As known to all, Web 2.0 is a kind of user centric web, that is to say user can join in the web creation and interaction. The one of the most successful Web 2.0 application is Wikipedia, it can allow user to create the entries in which they interested. People also can post their idea in their own Blog. Although these applications raised questions in security and social problems of web technology, all of this Web 2.0 indeed enriches our life. After discussing the web 2.0, we turn to our focus on Web 3.0. What is Web 3.0? From my personal point of view, I think the Web 3.0 has three main features. First, Web 3.0 has very fast network access speed. Second, all the websites of Web 3.0 will be more open and could provide application programming interfaces (API) to the public. Thirdly, Web 3.0 is regarded as semantic web, that is to say the machine can understand the data and process data directly and indirectly.
There are some main technologies that will make it happen:
1. Artificial intelligence
2. Automated reasoning
3. Cognitive architecture
4. Composite applications
5. Distributed computing
6. Knowledge representation
7. Ontology (computer science)
8. Recombinant text
9. Scalable vector graphics
10. Semantic Web
11. Semantic Wiki
12. Software agents [2]
The Web 3.0 will bring structure to the meaningful content of Web pages, creating an environment where software agents roaming from page to page can readily carry out sophisticated tasks for users.[2]
Web 3.0 is a place where machines can read Web pages much as we humans read them, a place where search engines and software agents can better troll the Net and find what we're looking for. A prime example of a Web 3.0 technology is 'natural-language search'.[2]
I think the semantic web is the most significant one in Web 3.0. As Wikipedia sates that Semantic Web is a group of methods and technologies to allow machines to understand the meaning - or "semantics" - of information on the World Wide Web. The most applications of Web 2.0 that they do not focus on semantic web. For example, Google just focus on searching data, but Google cannot understand the data meaning, which was searched by it. For example, we search “master” with Google. The “master” may be has the different meanings in the context, however, the Google does not understand it. Google just focus on matching the key words in the context.
Along with the advent of the Web 3.0, all of these data in the web sources will be assigned to different meanings. The semantic web will also know the meaning of these data. For example, the figure 8848 is pointless in the context, however, we put this figure in to the Geographic areas, that is mean the height of Mount Qomolangma. Web 2.0 may not get the meaning of 8848 stands for the height of Mount Qomolangma in the Geographic areas, but the web 3.0 will deal with it. In our real life, we might encounter problems that we cannot find the information that we need through the search engine, because the Web 2.0 technology cannot get the meaning of the data that user need. The web 3.0 will figure all of these problems out. The Freebase website is a good example of early age of Web 3.0. Most of people know Wikipedia, but just few people hear of the Freebase. This website is similar to Wikipedia, but the Freebase pays more attention on the organization of information. It stores the data by different attributes. For example, storing one person data, it divides the data into several attributes, like name, sex, date of birth and nationality, etc. User can assign the values to the attributes or add new attributes to the entity. As a result, each attributes that user inputs will recognized by computers. All of these data will understand by computers as well. The Freebase has explained the concept of the semantic web, and I think that the semantic web like freebase will be more and more popular in our daily life.
Reference:
[1] Malik Muhammad Imran Pattal, LI yuan and ZENG Jianqiu.(2009) Web 3.0: A real personal Web. 2009
[2]Web 3.0 Technology, [online], last accessed on November 17, 2010. http://www.articleforfree.com/Articles/Technology/Web-3-0-Technology-380190732.aspx
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